紮鐵工人大罷工,在開工不足的情況下要求加薪,魔術師聽後,第一個感覺便想到了他們像極了西隧因為客量不足而加價.
好耐都未做過工管功課,今次就當係個簡易練習,試用 Porter's Five Forces 分析一下紮鐵呢個行業.
1. Power of Suppliers
對於紮鐵工人來說,佢地出賣既係自己既體力,並無具體Suppliers可言.勉強來說,要保持他們有足夠體力去工作,最起碼要達到衣食住行既基本生活條件便可.呢一方面,響香港,有大量唔同既variety同substitutes可供選擇,問題應該不大.
2. Power of Buyers
最終既買家,當然係發展商,其中又有唔少層層「剝削」的中間人(其實中間人不完全是過水濕腳,佢地也扮演了communicator和coordinator既角色).
除左發展商有錢有牙力之外,買家力量還要視乎地盤數量(藍線),買家可以access到的資訊和資源(同substitiute有關),同埋買家有幾多incentives去請紮鐵工.
Demand price sensitivity 照理都應該高,同樣係同substitiute有關.
3. Entry Barriers
唔使講,即使呢份係低技術工作,learning curve唔steep;但係咁體力化既工作,無咁既體能、捱唔到苦既人係做唔來.但係充亦係因為咁高既physical barrier,令到呢行唔能夠「活」起來,少新人入行(試問而家就算係讀者唔成既後生仔,有幾多人會有足夠體格去做呢類工),當現存工人年老力衰,議價能力亦會大減,所以Supple price sensitivity應該較低.
另外,由於本地工人既供應唔會move along the supply curve,反而Supply shock是來自政府開放既外勞政策,很難想像如果將紮鐵工人日薪加至2,000元,會有大量本地工人轉行紮鐵(非不為也,實不能也),結果又將人工reset(紅線).
4. Threat of Substitutes
預製組件當然係紮鐵工人既主要代替品,快捷穩妥,品質又有保證.
響紮鐵呢類勞力集中的行業,除非判頭有很好的schedule planning,好讓工人可以呢個工地做幾日,接住果個工地個做幾日咁連續接job,否則開工不足係可以理解既.等於某大學生補習150蚊一個鐘,一日八個鐘就搵1,200,一個月補20日咪有2萬4?理論上係,但係除非佢可以reschedule到所有jobs都唔墥期啦.
紮鐵工亦然,響市道好既時候,佢地可能真係可以日日有工開.但係當建築商唔想bear無人開工既risk既時候,便會傾向使用預製組件.久而久之,到市道唔好既時候,咪變成咁lor.
5. Rivalry
魔術師將外勞當成本地工人既競爭對手.對於低技術工種來說,香港工人跟外勞差異不大,體力方面外勞可能尤有過之.引入low cost既labour force會係壓低本地紮鐵工人薪金上升「壓力」的「有效手段」.
上述部份言論,純屬魔術師想當然耳既吹水之作,而且成文倉促,未能搜集足夠數據支持,如有錯漏,歡迎指正.
***
伸延閱讀:
點解唔推倒「判上判」?
紮鐵
續:紮鐵 (不排除爛尾的可能)
另有剪報一份(信報 我私故我在 23 Aug 2007)
2007/08/24 16:44:22
> 續:紮鐵 (不排除爛尾的可能)
回覆刪除我睇你幾時死
哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈
Wah, go back to our school days.
回覆刪除You better make a mini summary at the end as the conclusion wor!
不敗的魔術師
回覆刪除Your work is interesting but may not enough.
Here is my views:
紮鐵工人: They have techncial skills in the construction process with limited supply in the market. The work is linked another work sequence as well.
預製組件 The form work only suit in typical construction design and have physical limitations. This cannot apply in foundation work.
substitutes: If you employ non-skill worker you likely put yourself in danger. In general will you ask Form 5 students to give a dissertation. What's the result?
Rivalry: If you were Head of Labour Department, would you think this is viable solution in Society?